History and counseling psychology Essay

At the point when we study human conduct, explicitly concentrating on the advancement of character and vital to how an individual or individual behaviors him/herself, brain research offers an assortment of measurements. The idea of character is integral to our endeavor to get ourselves as well as other people and is mostly in which we represent the distinctions that add to our independence. Clinicians have been especially worried about molding of the character according to hereditary and ecological impacts. We have been lucky that the investigation of human character has been flourishing and productive. We can browse the greatest number of models we can to assist us with seeing ourselves better and keep up great connections (Fall et al. , 2003). Conduct is depicted and dissected. On this premise, an endeavor to anticipate conduct is conceivable, and in spite of the fact that this may not altogether and totally be cultivated in certain undertakings, the fundamental seeing at that point is that there are sure desires concerning how any individual would act or choose things that are inside his cognizant mindfulness. Brain science is vital to man since mental issues are normal to amass relations, in whatever structure an individual or gathering of people originate from (Fall et al. , 2003). Dark, women's activist, and diverse brain sciences leave from customary brain science as these are extensions of the great methodologies yet are intelligent of progressively particular and socially touchy viewpoints that should be joined. The significance of incorporating such methodologies is ideal since these have never been idea of as appropriate henceforth, opportune usage of these hypothetical viewpoints is then valued (Fall et al. , 2003; Hamm, 1989). It is by independently naming and giving an unmistakable territory to every one of these methodologies much equivalent to their ancestors, and highlighting their present applications that makes this fuse in the new course intriguing and energizing. Because of the expanding mechanical achievements, correspondence has at no other time as snappy or expedient and as accessible as it is presently, inferring the openness of the methodologies being presented as promptly as could be expected under the circumstances. The web is an obvious evidence for this reality. At one’s fingertips, materials can be had that even remote towns or urban areas in underdeveloped nations might have the option to see the significance of the methodologies as indicated by their unique circumstances (Hamm, 1989). In light of this, the utilization of these perspectives in one’s job as instructor includes a more profound comprehension in those populaces that are especially tended to in the hypothetical perspectives gave (Gloria and Lewis, 1986). As an expert then again, the new arrangement of officially acknowledged points of view upgrades one’s calling one might say that another perspective on and their way of life are worthy as of now and in this way is an invite expansion to the profundity of information and bits of knowledge of human conduct (Aguirre and Turner, 1995; Boisnier, 2003).

Violence Is Not the Solution to People’s Problems. Free Essays

Brutality isn't the answer for people’s issues. Is brutality, the response to people’s issues? No chance. Well first what does savagery really mean. We will compose a custom article test on Savagery Is Not the Solution to People’s Problems. or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Viciousness implies ‘rough power that is utilized to harm or harm’ (Macquarie Pocket Dictionary Third Edition pg. 1153). In The Outsiders by S. E. Hinton distributed in 1972 viciousness is utilized normally to answer challenges. In this novel there are two Gangs called The Socs and The Greaser. The Socs are the rich children on the north part of town and The Greaser are the white collar class kids on the south part of town. Brutality is never the appropriate response. It might prompt harm to your psychological and physical wellbeing. It additionally harms your loved ones. Brutality harms individuals genuinely. Punching and kicking isn't the best approach to take care of issues. It can prompt genuine wounds and now and again demise. Much the same as after the thunder Pony Boy is harmed with cuts and wounds all over his body. Delay winds up taking him to emergency clinic. Individuals ought not utilize savagery to determine troubles regardless of whether they are furious or focused. Viciousness harms individuals intellectually. At the point when you hit individuals or swear at them it harms them. It develops inside until you can't take any longer. For example, when Darry hits Pony Boy, it harms him and makes him need to flee. Savagery doesn't take care of issues. It harms more than you might suspect. At the point when brutality is utilized to take care of issues, trust and companionship is lost inside families. For instance when Johnny slaughters a Soc. Johnny and Pony Boy flee, that makes their loved ones focused. Stress prompts hostility to wipe out outrage from ones self. Families need to stay together in any case viciousness will be utilized. Some may imagine that brutality since it is a type of self protection. Self preservation is something that includes ensuring oneself, one’s property or the prosperity of another from physical harm’ (WikiPedia). Much the same as in the Rumble the Greasers are protecting themselves and their region. Additionally like when the Socs attempt to suffocate Pony Boy and Johnny utilizing self preservation, slaughtered a Soc. Sel f preservation is a type of savagery that consistently prompts further results. Viciousness ought not be utilized to take care of issues. It just prompts harm to your psychological and physical wellbeing. It likewise harms your loved ones. Simply think do you need viciousness keep being available in your general public? Step by step instructions to refer to Violence Is Not the Solution to People’s Problems., Papers

Dothiepin Vs. Fluoxetine (Mechanism Of Action And Pharmacodynamics) Es

Dothiepin Vs. Fluoxetine (Mechanism Of Action And Pharmacodynamics) Correlation Between Mechanism of Action and Pharmacodynamics of Dothiepin and Fluoxetine Portrayal of medications Component of activity and pharmacodynamics Dothiepin Dothiepin is a tricyclic upper. It acts by advancing the adequacy of a few amines (dopamine, norepinephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine, which is otherwise called 5HT and serotonin). It works by restraining their reuptake at the terminals of nerve cells, hence prompting their drawn out nearness at the synaptic parted and an expanded impact on the neuron.(1) The reuptake siphons for the above amines are liable for diminishing the grouping of these amines. Dothiepin works by hindering the siphons. As indicated by the amine theory, a diminished grouping of the amines and the subsequent lessening in amine dependant synaptic transmission is related with despondency, along these lines an expansion in the above would help calm the manifestations of sadness. (2) Dothiepin has different activities also. It decreases norepinephrine incited CAMP arrangement in the cerebrum, just as repressing the take-up of 5HT into platelets. It additionally has some anticholinergic and antihistaminic activity.(3) Dothiepin starts to produce results after roughly 2-3 weeks. Common day by day portions of Dothiepin run from 75mg to 200mg in the more serious cases. (2) Fluoxetine Fluoxetine has a place with a gathering of antidepressants known as the SSRI's, or Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It capacities is like that of dothiepin above. It likewise goes about as a reuptake inhibitor, yet is exceptionally specific. It just restrains 5HT reuptake, and needs a large number of the less valuable elements of dothiepin, for example, the antihistaminic properties. (1) As over the outcome in increment within the sight of serotonin at the synaptic separated outcomes in a diminishing in numerous manifestations of discouragement. Fluoxetine does anyway have some reactions including sickness, tremors, loss of drive and now and again diminished sexual capacity. (2) It is additionally conceivable that it might affect dopamine work. At times it additionally lessens rest effectiveness. (3) Day by day portions of Fluoxetine go somewhere in the range of 10mg and 60mg. Anyway it has been seen that viability doesn't show up as firmly identified with portion. 20mg is as full of feeling as 40mg, and there is some proof to propose that higher portions might be even less powerful. Anyway the lower dosages bring about less and less cut off antagonistic effects.(3) Unfavorable impacts or antagonistic medication associations Dothiepin Unfavorable impacts of dothiepin go from conceivably dangerous to gently discomforting. Fatalities related with dothiepin incorporate cardiovascular disappointment, neonatal cardio-respiratory disappointment, myocardial dead tissue, arrhythmia, heart failure, ventricular fibrillation, stroke, inborn coronary illness, haematemesis, aplastic paleness, leukopenia, hepatorenal condition, cholestatic jaundice, trance like state, neuroleptic dangerous disorder, disturbed Parkinson's malady, intrauterine demise, renal disappointment, respiratory capture. These anyway are extremely uncommon. (1) Other extreme reactions incorporate hepatitis, unseemly ADH discharge, hypomania, and seizures. Insane appearances, for example suspicious dreams, might be realized or declined if effectively present. These side effects are likewise extremely unprecedented, however less perilous than those recorded above.(3) The less perilous symptoms are more typical, found in numerous patients, especially those on higher portions of the medication. These incorporate dry mouth, tachycardia, blockage, languor, perspiring, sickness, heaving, looseness of the bowels, tremor, rashes, and obstruction with sexual function.(3) The most serious risks in overdose originate from seizures, and the heart and respiratory impacts recorded previously. (3) Unfriendly medication associations incorporate MAO inhibitors and SSRI's as simultaneous organization may prompt expanded plasma tricyclic levels. CNS depressants, including liquor will likewise have an expanded impact when taken in conjunctions with dothiepin. Sedatives may expand the danger of arrhythmia. Antihypertensive specialist movement might be decreased by dothiepin. Barbiturates may diminish the serum convergence of dothiepin, while methyl phenidate may build it. Smoking may decrease the serum convergence of dothiepin by expanding its digestion. (1) Fluoxetine Fluoxetine seems to have a lower occurrence of antagonistic responses, and these show up less serious than those related with dothiepin. (2) Up to 1990 an aggregate of 11 passings that might be related with fluoxetine were recorded in patients. Anyway these were not NECESSARILY connected with the medication. The possibly hazardous reactions included hyponatremia, which gave off an impression of being reversible when the patients quit taking the medication. A not many instances of vasculitis have additionally been analyzed. Instances of seizures and seizure like scenes in fluoxetine patients have likewise been recorded. A few patients created insanity.

314325top00 Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

314325top00 Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers 314325top00 Task Cover Sheet Capability Module Number and Title HND in Business Management BHND 5203 - Strategic Management Understudy Name No. Assessor Shaznan Fairoze Sally (CL/HNDBM/66/47) Ms. Inoka Gunarathne Hand out date Accommodation Date Appraisal type Task Introduction Span/Length of Appraisal Type Individual CW (3000 words) Introduction (15 minutes) Weighting of Assessment half half Student announcement I, Shaznan Fairoze Sally (CL/HNDBM/66/47)certify that the work submitted for this task is my own and research sources are completely recognized. Imprints Awarded First assessor IV marks Concurred grade Mark of the assessor Date Criticism Form Global College of Business Technology Module: BHND5203 - Strategic Management Understudy: Assessor: Ms. Inoka Gunarathne Assignment:Individual Assignment Solid highlights of your work: Solid highlights of your work: Regions for development: Regions for development: Imprints Awarded: Imprints Awarded: Theoretical I have chosen CIC possessions as the organization for this report and have surveyed it utilizing the Ansoff's Growth Matrix and Evaluated its Business Unit utilizing the GE grid. I created conceivable elective techniques for the organization and related them to meaningful development, constrained development and conservation and picked the best future procedures for the business. Chapter by chapter guide TOC o 1-3 h z u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc469389385 h 3 CIC Holdings PAGEREF _Toc469389386 h 3 Ansoff's development vector grid For CIC Holdings PAGEREF _Toc469389387 h 4 Directional Policy Matrix PAGEREF _Toc469389388 h 7 INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS PAGEREF _Toc469389389 h 9 INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS PAGEREF _Toc469389390 h 10 INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS PAGEREF _Toc469389391 h 10 Serious Strength PAGEREF _Toc469389392 h 11 Serious Strength PAGEREF _Toc469389393 h 11 Serious Strength PAGEREF _Toc469389394 h 12 GE MATRIX PAGEREF _Toc469389395 h 12 Conceivable Alternative Strategies CIC can use for its organization development PAGEREF _Toc469389396 h 14 Conservation PAGEREF _Toc469389397 h 15 Considerable Growth PAGEREF _Toc469389398 h 15 Constrained Growth Strategy PAGEREF _Toc469389399 h 16 Fitting future methodology for the association PAGEREF _Toc469389400 h 17 Methodology assessment models PAGEREF _Toc469389401 h 17 Reasonableness: PAGEREF _Toc469389402 h 17 Agreeableness PAGEREF _Toc469389403 h 19 Practicality PAGEREF _Toc469389404 h 20 References PAGEREF _Toc469389405 h 21 Table of Figures TOC h z c Figure Figure 1 Ansoff's Growth vector lattice PAGEREF _Toc469389858 h 4 Figure 2 Directional Policy Matrix PAGEREF _Toc469389859 h 7 Figure 3 GE MATRIX PAGEREF _Toc469389860 h 12 Figure 4 GE MATRIX (Jurevicius, 2016) PAGEREF _Toc469389861 h 13 Presentation CIC Holdings At first Known as Imperial synthetic enterprises (ICI) was consolidated in 1964 and cited in the Colombo Brokers affiliation. Presently rebranded as CIC Holdings PLC. The organization started its tasks by assembling rural channels and now has enhanced into numerous endeavors, for example, Agriculture, Animal feeds, Farm produce, veterinary medication, Agro synthetic concoctions, poultry, Pharmaceuticals and so forth. CIC is continually repositioning itself in investigating development divisions both locally and universally. What's more, presently has tapped the worldwide markets with Ag ri produce, for example, rice. They work with the strategic vision of: Vision : To be an inventive Group of organizations making an incentive through compelling satisfaction of market needs. Crucial To upgrade the nature of individuals in the locale by building up a different portfolio in Healthcare, mechanical, buyer items, crop arrangements and administrations, driven by consumer loyalty and enhancements in innovation. We will saddle the capability of our kin to infer upper hand and to increase the value of partners while shielding the earth. (CIC.lk,2016) Ansoff's development vector lattice For CIC Holdings Figure SEQ Figure * ARABIC 1 Ansoff's Growth vector lattice Market entrance isthe most secure of the four choices. Here, the organization should concentrate on extending deals of its current item in its current market . CIC can grow new techniques , to urge more individuals to pick the organization's item or utilize a greater amount of it. As CIC is in the agrarian business, where buyers buying it utilizes the item in the kitchen, CIC could grow new procedures, for example, including kitchen utensils for nothing for example : spoons, cups and so forth that would bring the clients consideration into buying the item as they could set aside cash from buying those additional utensils. Another procedure CIC could utilize is by including additional item into their bundling for example : adding 200g extra to their 2kg bundle of rice and referencing extra 10% in the bundling to make purchasers mindful of the extra included. A greater amount of the item with similar costs of the contenders would attract consideration from purchasers to buy the item. (Mindtools.com, 2016) Item improvement is marginally progressively dangerous, on the grounds that you're bringing another item into your current market. Here, the organization is offering various items to similar individuals , who are now mindful and have

Union Advantages and Disadvantages Essay Example

Association Advantages and Disadvantages Essay Preferences and inconveniences while being in an association The National Labor Relations Act was established by congress in 1935 so as to characterize and shield the privileges of the business relationship. The demonstration permits representatives of an organization the option to shape an association and have the association speak to them through aggregate bartering. Aggregate dealing is the procedure of exchange between the two gatherings; Union delegates and a partnership, to agree for the eventual benefits of workers and the organization. In the exchange procedure the endeavor is to set up essential components of significance which are focal points the association battles for and at last accommodate its partners that would some way or another not have if there were no association portrayal. Points of interest incorporate professional stability, higher wages, reasonable medicinal services inclusion and particular employment obligations. Nonetheless, there are detriments related with trade guilds alongside their advantages, for example, strikes, loss of singularity and organization fees. Secure Job In a serious worldwide economy where there are cutbacks and occupation misfortune the association contrast is employer stability. Associations are regularly ready to ensure that the persevering and experienced representatives are secured against baseless causes. At the point when the organization chooses to improve innovation and bring new hardware as a type of making more creation the association keeps innovation from supplanting the specialist. On the off chance that the specialist is rebuffed, suspended or ended without noble motivation, delegates from the association and legal advisors will go explore and safeguard your position. In the event that out of line remedial activity is found against worker association has the privilege of turning around such activity by evacuating uncalled for discipline, or whenever terminated unjustifiably having his/her activity back. We will compose a custom paper test on Union Advantages and Disadvantages explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Union Advantages and Disadvantages explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Union Advantages and Disadvantages explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Employer stability is a favorable position in a unionized work environment versus a non association working environment since when an association is included they give you voice to take part in having an impact withing the choices being made for the improvement of the organization. The association accordingly shields you from a censures though non association work environments the specialist has no voice. The business makes all the guidelines, sets the compensation rates, settles on all choices on things like order, advancements and long periods of work. Higher Wages In an association domain the association deals with the business for an agreement and ensures that such agreement is done. In this agreements the two gatherings characterize different significant angles, for example, compensation. Laborers pay is higher when they are in an association. â€Å"The middle week by week income of association laborers are 28 percent higher than non-association workers†. â€Å"According to a January 2011 Bureau of Labor Statistics report, laborers who have a place with an association normally win more significant compensation than non-association laborers doing likewise sort of occupation. Despite the fact that it changes dependent on division and occupation†. $917 = Median week by week profit in 2010 of patrons. $717 = Median week by week income in 2010 of non-association laborers. T Thats a yearly contrast in compensation of $10,400 for patrons versus non-endorsers Estimates shifts relying upon part and occupation. Contrasts among open unionized division versus open non unionized sum a more significant compensation than private area either association or non association. A significant factor of higher wages in a unionized work environment is that it enables the economy to develop. One of the fundamental reasons of why our present downturn happened is that laborers don't have the buying power they have to enable the economy to develop. Association give laborers to win a fundamentally higher normal in compensation than non association laborers. An economical economy is the place laborers are sufficiently compensated and have the salary they have to buy merchandise and lift the economy. Higher wages are fundamental for an assortment of reasons in particular aides improves the way of life and gives the specialist a feeling of being a significant resource for the organization by such prize. Moderate Healthcare Coverage â€Å"In 2009, 92 percent of association workers in the U. S. approached social insurance benefits, contrasted with just 68 percent of non-association laborers. The association advantage is significantly more noteworthy when you think about the rates of association versus non-association laborers getting explicit benefits:† Dental Care: Union, 70% | Non-association: 44% Vision care: Union, 53% | Non-association: 24% Prescription medication benefits: Union, 90% | Non-association, 68% The cash based expenses for people is likewise not as much as that of non association people. At aggregate dealing this advantages are battled for with the goal that protection inclusion is increasingly reasonable. Laborers are likewise bound to get workers’ pay. Patrons additionally get their advantages quicker, and come back to work all the more rapidly. At the point when laborers are harmed, associations help laborers through the frequently confused procedure of petitioning for workers’ remuneration and shield laborers from manager reprisal. They get arrangements that are made for week after week installments instead of wages, as a pay for monetary misfortune or repayment or installment of clinical and different costs. Employment Specialization An all around characterized work obligation includes giving specialists singular employment errands to evacuate the duty of different occupations and lessening the laborers ability to one assignment specifically. Employment specialization became basic spot during the mechanical upheaval with the making of production lines. Processing plant proprietors would not just recruit one specialist who delivers all the merchandise. The work is partitioned among a wide range of laborers and every worker turns into a basic component during the time spent making the item. Specialization makes an expansion in productivity as laborers become increasingly gifted in the particular employments they do. Representatives in a manufacturing plant who are liable for just a single piece of the procedure become as gifted as they can in that procedure without the interruption of learning different abilities. Hours and employment obligations are all around characterized. During the modern upset laborers would in general work in ghastly working conditions to oblige the terrible hours. The regular work day in those days endured somewhere in the range of 10-18 hours out of every day, six days per week. The entirety of this started to change in the in the nineteenth century. US started to progress in the direction of a shorter work day in 1791 when laborers in Philadelphia were striking for a ten hour all out work day. In any case, at long last in 1937 the eight hour work day was executed and controlled by the national government. It specifies that laborers were not to work over 44 hours of the week and any hours more than 40 expected of the specialist were to be paid with extra time rewards added to their ordinary compensation rate. Association upholds and battles for this rights at aggregate haggling Union portrayal set up the eight hour work day as one of their essential objectives. Strikes One of association portrayals most prominent favorable circumstances can likewise be one of its fundamental drawbacks: the capacity to take part in monetary strikes. The choice to strike for improved wages or working conditions is a genuine subject that requires a careful examination of the strikes probability for progress before it is attempted. Association authorities should be experienced and educated about the numerous monetary and social factors that will be presented as a powerful influence for striking representatives before they settle on a choice. Off base decisions about striking can be hurtful to workers who decide to take part in this movement. At the point when an association is guaranteed as the select worker delegate, representatives become individuals from a general bartering unit in which the lion's share rules. Association pioneers settle on choices for all representatives, which many may consider not to be in their best individual intrigue. Bosses of striking laborers have the legitimate option to keep on working their business with lasting substitution representatives who need not be released once the strike closes. On the off chance that such conditions are available for the representative, as well as can be expected expect is to be reallocated when a business opportunity happens fro which they are qualified. They are not qualified for quick and unqualified reestablishment or back compensation when their employments are filled in by lasting substitutions. Sadly they face such danger of losing their employment and win no cash for a while that puts a money related weight on your family. Loss of singularity Another weakness for unionized laborers is the loss of independence. At the point when an association is ensured as the selective worker delegate in a working environment, representatives become individuals from a general haggling unit in which the larger part runs the show. The decision greater part may not be thoughtful with every individual explicit work needs or yearnings. Singular understandings etween representatives and the board are not permitted on the grounds that the business is under a commitment to manage the association. The association heads settle on choices for all representatives, which many may not be to the greatest advantage of the person. Loss of uniqueness is essential worry for some workers, just as the loss of chance to haggle for themselves an individual understanding. Organization fees Still another burden o f association portrayal is the expense to representatives. Most aggregate bartering understandings require all representatives to help the association monetarily as a state of their proceeded with work. Government law gives that workers may, paying little mind to the what is explained in the understanding, select not to officially join the association; anyway they may even now be required to take care of specific obligations and inception charges. The association can request the release of any representative who neglects to dad

Interview with Poikos founder Nell Watson

Interview with Poikos founder Nell Watson We met Nell Watson, founder of Poikos, in Amsterdam and interviewed her about her business model, her future ambitions, the market development and her advice for entrepreneurs.She gave interesting insights into how to overcome the emotional rollercoaster that makes live hard for most entrepreneurs. If you want to become a more productive entrepreneur, then you should definetely follow her advice.Poikos is basically taking 2D pictures and creates a 3D simulation of them to be applied to different industries like Healthcare.Martin: Hi. Today we are in Amsterdam with Poikos. Hi, who are you and what do you do?Nell: I’m Nell Watson, I’m Founder and CEO of Poikos. We enable the 3D body measurement of people, just using 2D camera hardware, like I’m talking to you now, but typically more on a webcam, or smartphone, or tablet camera.Martin: Tell us a little bit more about how your business model works?Nell: We are a SaaS â€" software as a service â€" model. We provide subscriptions, ty pically B2B, for other companies to be able to embed our technology within their own services.Martin: So you’re basically targeting their websites so they can help measure their customers in order to individualize the product more?Nell: Yeah, I created the technology originally for mass customization. This idea of being able to have personalized goods made for one, just the way you want and just in your size to fit you like a glove.Martin: Your customers are more coming from the e-commerce or, like you said, from the gym part?Nell: I’ve very strong ambitions for the health market, having used the technology myself to create an idealized version of myself and to track how my weight changes as I get towards that goal.Martin: How does the technology work, because it sounds quite funny, from 2D to having a 3D model?Nell: Yeah, it’s a funny technology, I’ll admit that. It’s funny because I set out to solve the problem of how do you capture 3D data? And I decided to take six mon ths out, and traveled all over the world, and I talked to very interesting professors, so many different nations, and I gradually gathered little bits of data, like playing detective. And after about six months we were able to start making a prototype and I put together a team and away we went. So it was very problem-focused. And we found the solution with just two pictures. We can do a technique called Auto- photogrammetry or Stereo-photogrammetry, which enables you to have a front and side of an image, and if you have those two pictures you can reconstruct 3D out of it. There’s a lot of algorithms and image processing in there, but that’s basically how it works. Two pictures can reconstruct 3D.Martin: Is this some kind of technology where you have the intellectual property for it?Nell: Yes, we do have patents filed in the UK and US, and those will be pending soon.Martin: What other applications could I imagine from this kind of technology, because right now you’re targeting this e-commerce and maybe health or gym companies, what other applications could you think of?Nell: Customer fit is one, suits, customer fit bicycles even. As far as I understand, getting a good fit for a bike can cost $150 to $200 for the enthusiasts’ market. But those were high-value, high-margin, but low-volume markets. I think the greatest disruptive potential is within health, not just in terms of helping people to manage their weight, which is a huge problem all over the world, but we can also do things like create censuses, epidemiology, we can look at whether people in one area of a country have certain health problems or not. And we can begin to look for changes in the shape of the body, which may manifest conditions like Diabetes type 2 or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome before they are actually detectable by the person themselves or by a doctor.Martin: So if you want to target a different industry segment, do you think of different pricing schemes for this or even setting u p different websites so they are not mixed with user base or so?Nell: Pricing has actually been one of the most complex areas of the business to get straight. To be honest, we’re still working that out. It’s not just about different sectors, but also different sizes of companies, different companies have different needs, different volumes of scans, but also different markets. We have some early adapters in India, we’ve some early adapters. Obviously the same pricing scheme is unlikely to work well in both markets, so trying to stratify things by geography adds even more complication. So we are still experimenting with how to crack the best pricing model that suits everyone.Martin: Let’s talk a little bit about the corporate strategy of Poikos. I know a company in Germany that is doing a little bit something that is similar, they’re doing something like taking the picture from Skype or a camera or so and then setting up some kind of 3D model, and they provide this size data , etc., to e-commerce stores. My question would be what is your competitive advantage, if you assume this to be a competitor? And how do you think you can perform better?Nell: Sure. I believe the company you’re talking about is UPcload  . Great company, great company, I had the pleasure of meeting Sebastian  Schulze, one of the co-founders, a couple of weeks ago at MIT, JSW in Morocco. Great guy, we were on a panel together. And it was very interesting to see the commonalities between the two companies, and yet how we took different philosophical perspective on certain things. As I understand it, UPcload has largely begun to move away from computer vision and into a statistical model. So they collect hundreds of thousands of different body measurements, mostly 2D rather than 3D data, and then from a couple of small, manually input measurements they can reconstruct with a good estimate what that body should be and the relevant sizes. And that is a fantastic application for e-commer ce. I think they’re probably going to be very disruptive in that space. We focus on a different area. We are all about capturing snapshots of history, so it’s about this person and what they looked like at that time. I think that has many more applications for the custom fit where you need more measurements and, ideally, 3D body data to go with it, particularly for health, because obviously taking snapshots over time is how we understand how our health is today and where it’s going tomorrow.Martin: As I understand it, you are looking through the historical data, and they are only at one point in time?Nell: I think they have a very elegant solution for fitting of clothing. We find out what the measurements are today in order to better understand the best way of going forward form that point in health, or producing more complex measurements for mass customization.Martin: What do you think are the main drivers for your business model in order to, let’s say, conquer the world.Ne ll: It’s interesting, it’s a nice problem to have, but Poikos can be applied in so many different sectors. And choosing an initial market as a beachhead has been an interesting decision. Mass customization is a reasonably small but growing sector, and that’s where â€" as I mentioned â€" we have so many companies screaming at us for our technology. However, I wonder if health might be a very interesting place for our technology. As I said, it’s unique the ability to capture a snapshot of a person, this holistic idea of the body. And health is also very sticky in that people will come back every few weeks to check in and scan themselves and see what’s changed. I think that being able to make a different, a true difference to people’s life and health, will give us a distinct competitive advantage going forward.Martin: One thing that I was wondering right now about is if you have all this data, let’s say of one million people or so over a time of two or three years, wouldn ’t data privacy be an issue?Nell: Absolutely. The privacy of that data and making sure that it doesn’t fall into bad hands, and that the user themselves is respected, is incredibly important. And insuring the privacy, the security and the integrity of that date and its use is something that is extremely important to me on a personal level. And I want to make that clear to our customers and our clients that we’re one of the good guys and they can count on us. I think that is another competitive advantage if we can clearly convey that message to our customers.Martin: And this custom fit market, how do you perceive the historical development in different countries, or maybe there are sub-segments, and how do you think these segments will perform over the next five years?Nell: Great question. As a businessman yourself, I am sure you’re familiar with this idea of traveling to the Far East for business trip and getting yourself measured for a suit, and then in three weeks’ time it arrives at your doorstep. I think that we have an opportunity to change the idea of how custom fit goods are made. Being able to serve a global market where you don’t actually have to have the person in the store getting themselves measured, I think that is a really deal changer for the market itself. And I think that it’s going to unlock a new wave of mass customization. We’ve seen companies like Style Shake and United Styles come out with the promise of creating something you can have it your way in terms of the garment. You design it and it fits you like a glove. And they’ve all faced a lot of trouble. It’s my hope that technologies like Poikos will enable a turn in the road for mass customization to really take off before the end of this decade.Martin: So basically every tailor should be afraid of you?Nell: No, not afraid. We are out to celebrate custom fit, and we’re out to empower people. We’re not out to destroy, we’re out to cooperate, we’re out to make a real difference and a real benefit to the world.Martin: As you have a blog yourself about psychology and all this emotional stuff, we would like to share some insights with our readers about the emotional rollercoaster, and do you have psychological tips that you’re going to give first-time entrepreneurs?Nell: Absolutely. I’ve had a real roller-coaster on this startup and former startups. As an entrepreneur you know how it is. I realize that I felt better being able to share that journey. When I was just keeping it into myself it was getting me down a lot. It was difficult to shake off certain emotions, not just bad stuff but also the happy stuff, like you make a sale or somebody is really interested in what you’re doing. So I started sharing it. About six or nine months ago I started a blog and I started talking about the psychology of running a venture and the important of self-knowledge. This idea of understanding how one’s mind works and beings able to hack one’s thi nking to approach things in stoic, straightforward way, instead of being swept away by emotions. I have learnt techniques that mean that now if I have a bad day things will wash over me instead of knocking me back. And I decided that I really wanted to share that, and so I’m working on a book at the moment, I’ve created a little game you can play that helps to teach these kinds of habits of entrepreneurship, because entrepreneurship is a discipline, it’s something that needs to be worked upon and can be learnt.Martin: Are there one or two techniques that you could share with our readers?Nell: Sure. I think the first is being able to break down a gigantic, big, hairy, scary situation, and being able to focus, Okay, forget about the big picture, what do you need to work on now, and what is going to give you the biggest benefit today? Okay, sit down and do it. Begin. And something else is that it’s easy to get burned out, you just spend too much energy and you put too much emot ion into things, and then you can get overawed by stuff. I found that sometimes even just getting up and doing the dishes and making your bed, if you’re really in a bad way, call it a success and then move on, and then the next day you do it a little bit more. I think that that is the best way of regaining one’s motivation and one’s energies after flirting with burnout. And those kinds of techniques enable you to keep going when otherwise other entrepreneurs might just have given up.Martin: I totally agree on the first point, because when we wrote a blog post about this emotional rollercoaster we learnt also that a lot of people are super-happy when looking at the long-term and thinking we could sell the company for billions of Euros if we continue to grow like this. But actually in maybe one week the biggest customer says we don’t want to buy your product anymore, and they they’re super down. So just focus on the big picture, but then keep on moving in small steps to what ’s the goal.Nell: Absolutely. And this rollercoaster it’s something that isn’t often talked about. I’d like to change that. Let’s change that. Let’s get people talking about this stuff and supporting each other. I think that’s so important.Martin: Thank you very much Nelly.Nell: Thank you.

Education News Harvard Accused of Bias Against Asian Americans

Education News: Harvard Accused of Bias Against Asian Americans Problems with discrimination and racism have always plagued social and cultural groups. Consequently, these issues have drawn continuous social and political debate. In the historical fight for equal rights and fair treatment for every one, courageous people resist any kind of social, gender or religion discrimination. A recent case connected with Harvard University alleges that the school maintained discriminatory policies toward Asian-Americans. This story has become a global scandal. The chancellor and the administration of the university were criticized for holding Asian Americans to a much higher set of entrance requirements than other candidates. It was stated that the university used fixed-quotas which were aimed to make the number of Asian-American candidates lower than other applicants. Such a bias may lead to the supposition that the educational potential of Asian-Americans is lower when compared to white students. However, the figures state just the opposite. Its been estimated that the results for Asian-Americans in general are about four hundred and fifty points higher in comparison with students of Afro-American origin, up to two hundred and seventy points higher than the result of Spanish students, and one hundred and forty points higher than white students (Belkin, 2015). So the educational potential of Asian-Americans exceeds the possible stereotype of their poor educational skills and academic incompetence. Sixty-four organizations filed a complaint accusing Harvard University of discrimination against Asian-Americans. The complaint alleges that â€Å"Many studies have indicated that Harvard University has been engaged in systemic and continuous discrimination against Asian-Americans during its very subjective ‘Holistic’ college admissions process† (Belkin, 2015). This anti-racism campaign aims to carry out an investigation at the federal level. It also demands that Harvardâ€Å"immediately cease and desist from using stereotypes, racial biases and other discriminatory means in evaluating Asian-American applicants† (Belkin, 2015). Harvards general counsel, Robert Iuliano, insisted that the procedure for accepting the students into the university is in accordance with the law. The educational establishment firmly states that apart from paying close attention to entry exams results, only personal qualities such as leadership skills and extracurricular activities participation are taken into account. Mr Iuloano specially underlined that, in terms of creating a multinational environment in class, a large number of lecturers and students should be admitted to the university. He highlighted that the number of minority applicants rose from 18% during the last ten years up to 21% nowadays. Still the difference doesnt seem that much significant. The group of the initiators stand firmly for the idea, that the percent of the Afro-American students should be much higher (Belkin, 2015). Many studies blame Harvard for using a highly subjective selection policy. Its obvious that the legal complaint against the university is a result of long-standing offenses against the Asian-American community and the mistreatment of Asian-American students. In any case, holding unfair and biased attitudes can never be viewed as a constructive policy. Even the slightest expression of anger and aggression toward people from minority groups is highly likely to cause alienation, and even lead to serious racial conflicts. One possible way out of the current unfavorable situation may lie in taking practical steps to reject all the national stereotypes regarding different racial groups. For only through decreasing social and racial tension can the aim of maintaining favourable balance between students of various races can be reached.

The Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln - 1826 Words

Abraham Lincoln’s victory in the 1860 presidential election, was a beacon of hope for many slaves in America. Becoming the 16th president of the United States serving from 1861 to 1865, Abraham Lincoln is one of America’s most celebrated heroes. Holding office during the years of the American Civil War, Lincoln preserved the Union, while creating a new era that consisted of emancipated African American slaves. After winning a victory at the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863. This Proclamation stated that all slaves behind Confederate lines, shall â€Å"forever be free†, creating an internal insurrection within the Confederacy. It did not apply to the loyal slave states in the Union, so it only freed about 200,00 slaves. Despite the numbers, the Emancipation Proclamation symbolized the possibility of African Americans attaining freedom in America; it was hope for a better life. As Commander in Chie f Lincoln, was only exercising his war powers, in a strategic manner that evidently prevented any support from European super powers like Great Britain. Even though European nations disliked the practice of democracy, Lincoln’s making of the war as a battle against slavery rallied their support because a whole lot of European leaders were abolitionists and antislavery campaigners. After getting reelected to office in 1864, Lincoln understood that to prevent the re-enslavement of African Americans something else wasShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1958 Words   |  8 PagesLeadership and Legacy: Background Research Paper Abraham Lincoln By:Audrey Knight Introduction Great leader and main topic Abraham Lincoln lived in the 1800’s where he accomplished many things in his 54 years of life. He lived in the U.S. through several major events in history and left a legacy that will never be forgotten. As the 16th president of the United States he brought about the emancipation of slavery, preserved the Union during the Civil War, and served the people. His heroic leadershipRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln933 Words   |  4 PagesSynopsis Regarded as one of the United States of America greatest heroes, Abraham Lincoln is famous for his unique appeal and incredible impact on the nation. He was the United States 16th president. His story is an astounding one rising from a humble background to become the most powerful man the land. However, at the time when his country needed him most, a tragic and sudden death strikes him. He is assassinated. He left a legacy that endured due to his unique humane personality as a leader of the unionRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln Essay2383 Words   |  10 PagesReport Name Abraham Lincoln paved a path of equality and freedom for slaves and people of the 1800s as well as having a major impact on society and government; Abraham Lincoln s engagement with the public people skyrocketed his career as being a president and a suitable leader to the people of the United States of America. Born on February 12th, 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky, Abraham Lincoln in his later years would be known as one of the most influential leaders of all time. Abraham Lincoln was bornRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1217 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Lincoln was born in the year 1809 on February 12th in the town of Hardin County, Kentucky to Thomas and Nancy Lincoln. Growing up Lincoln had no proper education, consequently he read books and educated himself. During Lincoln’s young adult years, he worked a various number of jobs as a shopkeeper, surveyor, and a postmaster. In 1832, Lincoln became a captain of the Hawk War against the Native Americans. Shortly after the war was over, he began his political career and was elected to theRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1817 Words   |  8 Pagesmore than any of these other men: Abraham Lincoln, the man who freed the slaves. Abraham Lincoln, born February 12, 1809 in Hodgenville, Kentucky, is widely considered to be one of the greatest presidents to have ever been in office. During the course of his presidency, Lincoln not only lead the Union during the Civil War and tried to unify the nation through a harsh time of crisis, conflict, and bloodshed: through his beliefs, his example and his legacy, Lincoln freed the slaves, gave them the rightRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln Essay2382 Words   |  10 PagesAbraham Lincoln paved a path of equality and freedom for slaves and people of the 1800s as well as having a major impact on society and government; Abraham Lincoln s engagement with the public people skyrocketed his career as being a president and a suitable leader to the people of the United States of America. Born on February 12th, 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky, Abraham Lincoln in his later years would be known as one of the most influential leaders of all time. Abraham Lincoln was born intoRead MoreLegacy Of Abraham Lincoln s Legacy Essay1582 Words   |  7 PagesLegacy Leader: Abraham Lincoln A legacy leader is someone who has left a positive and lasting impression in society due to his or her leadership qualities and/or traits. Abraham Lincoln is a prime example of a legacy leader due to the leadership traits he displayed throughout his presidency. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States. He exhibited great leadership qualities such as integrity, duty, and selfless service. Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation and hisRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1500 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln has been studied more than any other in American history. In fact, over 15,000 different books have been written about our 16th president. Throughout the pages of these books, President Lincoln is affectionately referred to by many different names, such as the Railsplitter, Honest Abe, and the Great Emancipator. A vast majority of these written works honor Lincoln as one of our greatest presidents. Not everyone feels that way, however. Charles Adams, in his book, When in the CourseRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln1292 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln has been called the greatest president in all of American history. His principles were dedicated to the survival of the United States during one of the most gruesome and bloody wars in the country s history, the American Civil War. During his presidency, he fought for the emancipation of slaves because he believed the institution of slavery was morally unjust. His ideals, which appealed to the founding principles of the country, energized and mobilized the union and kept it aliveRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln928 Words   |  4 PagesP. Thomas, Abraham Lincoln: A Biography (Southern Illinois University Press, 2008). †¢ David Herbert Donald, We Are Lincoln Men: Abraham Lincoln and His Friends (Simon Schuster, 2004). †¢ Roy Morris Jr., The Long Pursuit: Abraham Lincoln’s Thirty-Year Struggle with Stephen Douglas for the Heart and Soul of America (Bison Books, 2010). 5. Similar Articles: †¢ Mary Frances Berry, â€Å"Lincoln and Civil Rights for Blacks,† Volume 2, Issue 1, 1980, pp. 46-57 (Journal of The Abraham Lincoln Association)

Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen Perspective on Religion

American Literature II Authors: Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen: Perspective on Religion Susan Glaspell and Charlotte Gilman: Roles of Women W.E.B Du Bois and Booker T Washington: Political View In the 1920s, the somewhat genteel world of American poetry was shaken to its foundations when the Harlem Renaissance started. During those times, all over the United States, there was an outburst of strong black voices, writing with African-American cadences and rhythms. Moreover, during that period, generally different and diverse subject matters and styles subsisted in poetry. Furthermore, the blues and jazz clubs in†¦show more content†¦A similar God bids Cullen to sing. In the end, the poem offers more than the personal perspective of a Black poet. It speaks not just of the Black condition but of the human condition. All humans feel the irony of a life filled with petty cares, with mysteries, with struggle and with death, but a life brimming with the marvel of Gods great deeds, with the excitement of divine inspiration, and with an appreciation for the beauty of a poem well made. Langston Hughes was one of the first black men to express the spirit of blues and jazz into words. An African American Hughes became a well known poet, novelist, journalist, and playwright. Because his father immigrated to Mexico and his mother was often away, Hughes was brought up in Lawrence, Kansas, by his grandmother Mary Langston. Her second husband (Hughess grandfather) was a fierce abolitionist. She helped Hughes to see the cause of social justice. As a lonely child Hughes turned to reading and writing, publishing his first poems while in high school in Cleveland, Ohio. The speaker in The Negro Speaks of River delivers his claims in a cosmic voice that extends throughout all time and space. This voice includes all peoples. Hughes ancestry included three major race groups; he lived as an African-American (Hughes referred to himself as colored or Negro, because he was writing before the term African-American was accepted widely); his parents were African-Americans. But Hughes i nterests farShow MoreRelatedHarlem : A Middle Class White Community999 Words   |  4 Pagesvoices, writers, artists, musicians, scholars and poets who wrote with African-American rhythms broke out all over. And of this remarkable creative outburst, arose the voice of the poet, Langston Hughes. Born in Joplin, Missouri, in 1902 to a mixed-race parents, who divorced at an early stage of marriage, Langston Hughes grew up around the suburbs of Kansas then began to write poetry in high school. His father wanted him to be a mining engineer so he attended Columbia University however, he dropped outRead MoreAfrican Americans : Slavery And Oppression1602 Words   |  7 Pagestroops remained in the South to ensure the slaves newly won freedom. Blacks started their own churches and schools, purchased land, and voted. The challenges facing Black leadership and how could those challenges be addressed through politics, religion, and civic engagement As the plight of African Americans in the South was beginning to worsen, Booker T. Washington, principal of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, was invited to speak before a bi-racial audience at the opening of the 1895Read MoreAfrican American Culture in a Modern American Dominant Sociology2841 Words   |  12 Pagesculture that has had and continues to have a profound impact on mainstream American culture. After emancipation, unique African-American traditions continued to flourish as distinctive traditions or radical innovations in music, art, literature, religion, cuisine, and other fields. Twentieth-century sociologists, such as Gunnar Myrdal, believed that African Americans had lost most cultural ties with Africa. Melville Herskovits and others researched using anthropological field and demonstrated that

Winston Churchill Essay - 1455 Words

Winston Churchill Winston Churchill was a man full of principle, courage, and compassion. Nevertheless, it was his excellent leadership skills, his instinct for making beneficial wartime decisions, and motivational speeches, which inevitably lead to the success of Great Britain in World War II. Britain and the world free of Hitler and the Nazis looked to Winston Churchill for leadership. Because of his soldiers training, his historical knowledge, and a statesmans beliefs that had filled his mind for a long time, he considered the burden of leadership to be very light. Many still regard him as the greatest British leader of the last century. Winston Churchill had already demonstrated he had the aptitude for being a leader by†¦show more content†¦Churchill openly opposed this agreement proclaiming, That there has been a gross neglect and deficiency in [Britains] defenses. But still no one listened to Winston Churchill. Finally the rejoicing of peace came quickly to a halt when Nazi troops invaded Prague, Poland in the spring of 1939. It was inescapable that Britain would pay its price for not listening to Churchills warnings. Britain had wasted about five years of valuable time, which could have been used to strengthen Britains Army and arm the Air Force. This price would ultimately be war. Germany invaded Poland on September 1st 1939, and after two days of bombing, Britain, on September 3rd 1939 gave Germany two hours to evacuate its troops from Poland. There was no response, and thus Britain was at war with Germany. As the people as well as the government began to realize the danger of this approaching war they also realized the importance of having a man like Winston Churchill in the cabinet. In the same month as war began, Churchill was once again appointed to the cabinet as First Lord of the Admiralty. Consequently, Churchill did not remain First Lord of the Admiralty for long. When Hitler invaded Britains allies, Norway and Denmark, Prime Minister Chamberlain became defensive saying he could not believe that there [was] anything different [he] could have done†¦ [He]Show MoreRelatedEssay on Winston Churchill1479 Words   |  6 Pages Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Winston Churchill was one of the most influential people in this century. He held many offices, jobs, and positions that greatly affected the life of the British, and the history of the world. In Blenheim Palace at Woodstock on November 30th, 1874, Winston Churchill was born.1 He grew up as the first child of Lord Randolph Churchill.2 Lord Randolph Churchill held a seat as a member of Parliament and was considered a notable politicianRead MoreWinston Churchill Essay1338 Words   |  6 Pagesself-confidence translated well into politics, enhancing his leadership. He is the man who assumes control. He is Winston Churchill. Winston Churchill is widely considered influential to all with whom he graced his presence with. His ability to lead the United Kingdom, enduring the perils of both World War II and the Cold War, go beyond his decorations in the military and literature. Sir Winston Churchill was born into affluence. He was born on the 21,000 acre estate of the Dukes of Marlborough (Churchill1Read More Winston Churchill Essay3505 Words   |  15 PagesWinston Churchill Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born at Blenheim Palace, his familys ancestral seat in Oxfordshire, on November 30, 1874. He was the older son of Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill, a British statesman who rose to be chancellor of the Exchequer and leader of the House of Commons. His mother was an American, Jennie Jerome, the daughter of a New York financier. Churchill inherited a family tradition of statesmanship that went back to the great EnglishRead MoreBiography of Winston Churchill 1126 Words   |  5 Pagesally, France, stunned the British Empire and threw it into disarray. Through the chaos, Winston Churchill emerged. Churchill would be an inspiring leader who was able to rally the entire nation in times of hardship. Through his leadership, the â€Å"British Bulldog† would face the Axis powers and come out victorious, as well as become a public hero for the British people. Yet, immediately after the war, Churchill did not return to the prime minister seat because of a shocking defea t in his re-electionRead MoreWinston Churchill Character Analysis868 Words   |  4 PagesIt starts off telling us a description of Winston Churchills life and telling us of his accomplishments. One of these is his rise and fall of his life he was a excellent commander and went to a military school when he was young so that he could become a leader of soldiers when he was older. He became a commander but soon lost his position after the battle of GaulipelyRead MoreSynthesis Essay : Winston Churchill1226 Words   |  5 PagesSynthesis Essay – Winston Churchill SMSgt Brian J. Sands Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy September 10, 2014 Instructor: MSgt Travis Pyle Winston Churchill Winston Churchill was an influential leader and politician in the government of the Britain from the turn of the 20th century until his death in 1965. He was Prime Minister twice and led his country through the darkest corridors of war in a fight for its very existence. Throughout his tenure he displayed uncommon vision andRead MoreWinston Churchill By John Keegan981 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book Winston Churchill by John Keegan, he tells a story about the life of Winston Churchill and both the small and major events that he goes through and deals with throughout his life. He tells about Churchill’s whole life, from when he was a kid to when he was a teenager all the way through his adulthood. One of the main points that John Keegan focuses on in this book is the leadership and motivation toward victory that Churchill has. The main summary of this book is all worked around theRead More FDR and Winston Churchill Essay2874 Words   |  12 Pagespower, this weight was best owed upon the shoulders of two memorable individuals. By and large Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt can be labelled as beacons of democracy and leaders of the free world in their time. Winston Churchill, the son of Lord Randolph Churchill, became an officer in the 4th cavalry in 1894. Between 1895 and 1899 he served in Cuba, India and South Africa as a reporter. Churchill entered politics in 1900 and held many government posts until he was appointed First Lord ofRead MoreLeader Analysis: Winston Churchill2834 Words   |  12 PagesMaryland EMBA program Required by EMBA 656: Leadership and Human Capital Doctor Joyce Russell Leader Analysis: Winston churchill by Alicia Lynch 21 February 2011 Leader Analysis: Winston Churchill Winston Churchill was arguably one of the most significant political leaders in the last century. A soldier, athlete, author, reporter, British politician, and international statesman, Churchill is best known as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940-1945. He organized and guided BritishRead MoreSir Winston Churchill Essay1225 Words   |  5 PagesSir Winston Churchill Introduction Few leaders stand out in the history of the twentieth century more than Sir Winston Churchill. Remembered mainly as Great Britains prime minister who led the first successful stand against Adolf Hitlers Nazi Germany, he showed the world the importance of democracy and liberty by leading the battle against fascism and dictatorship. Churchill appeared headed for greatness even at his birth in 1874; his grandfather was the first Duke of Marlborough

Richard Fosters Book, Innovation The Attackers Advantage

Innovation, the ability to change and take risk; is a key attribute to success. No company has become successful by keeping their old ways, or staying to the â€Å"tried and true† (Foster, 1986). No successful business can stay successful regardless of how much money or technology they have, if they do not know how to keep evolving with time. Success isn’t built off one tool; it is built off a variety of tools. This book taught me that one must constantly adapt to the world around you, because it won’t slow down. We live in an ever-changing world. One must be willing and able to change. This book teaches how to be â€Å"unsafe† in the world of business, never stick with one way, never rely on one source of success; be ready to change it and find†¦show more content†¦Foster talks about these mistakes in detail, which I will try to summarize in the next few paragraphs. The first mistake companies make is assuming there is no reason to upgrade, if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it. The second mistake companies make is that they think they will have ample warning about a discontinuity, this is not always true. The book gives a good example, if one can tell one has a fever by placing one’s hand on ones head then one should have been in bed days ago. The third mistake is one should not base all his new ideas on trying to predict what the consumer will want. Consumers don’t always know what they want until they are showed. Customers did not always want disposable paper diapers until PG convinced them they were just as good, if not better. Lastly, know onescompetitors. It is easier to defend an attack when one has paid attention to the potential threats. Most companies don’t realize who their actual competitors are until it’s too late, and usually it’s the smaller companies they over-looked. Foster states u sually 7 out of 10 attacks are successful; therefore 3 attacks may be unsuccessful. What did those defenders do? Foster states that there are three ways a defender can strike back. First is â€Å"leapfrogging†, instead of creating new technology that might be costly, inefficient or inferior technology. They wait for companies to do this for them then they leapfrog ahead.

Bacteriophage and depolymerase Free Essays

Introduction Bacteriophage which is also known as bacteria eater refers to viruses that infect bacteria.Bacteriophages are known to only replicate within host cells and must attach to a specific receptor on the surface of a bacteria cell to initiate infection. The contact between the phage and the receptor is very definite which means that a phage type will only bind to a particular receptor molecule thus all bacteriophage are not alike. We will write a custom essay sample on Bacteriophage and depolymerase or any similar topic only for you Order Now Depolymerase refers to an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of macromolecules to simpler molecules. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is commonly described as an opportunistic pathogen that causes morbidity and mortality in humans, animals and plants. Due to its exceptionally high metabolic versatility in utilizing numerous organic compounds and its adaptability to various conditions, it can be commonly found in terrestrial soil, fresh water environments and can grow in a variety of low-nutrient conditions. Bacteria and depolymerase are linked together due to the fact that the depolymerase helps the bacteria by breaking down large molecules and making it easier for the bacteria to attach to the host. Figure 1-Diagram of a bacteriophage Background information-basic information on Bacteriophages Bacteriophage are host specific viruses that targets only certain types of bacteria. They are made up of outer protein caspid enclosing a genetic material which could be SSRNA,dsRNA,ssDNA or dsNA.Bacteriophages are very common in places like soil, sewage or reservoirs infected by bacteria hosts. It’s been suggested that bacteriophage might be an effective way to treat bacterial infections but studies showed that they are quickly removed from the body and hence show little clinical value therefore mostly used in the laboratory. Biofilms are made up of bacteria and other microbial cells attached directly to a solid phosphate or indirectly through associated expolysaccharides and other polymetric material. The nature of a biofilm depends on the nature of the attached microorganisms and of polymers which they secrete. The physiological conditions also greatly affect biofilm thickness and physical properties. Large numbers of phages are found in many environments as biofilms. The evidence of the ability of bacteriophage –borne polysaccharide depolymerase enzymes to degrade bacterial polysaccharides have been proved (Adams Park 1956),Phage polysaccharide depolymerase are commonly seen in electron micrographs as spikes attached to the phage baseplate.In a liquid culture,degredation of bacterial capsular material by phage-borne polysaccharide depolymerise occurs in a defined sequence. The phage depolymerise binds to the capsular material which is the secondary receptor and degrades the polymer until it reaches the cell surface where it binds to an outer membrane receptor which is the primary receptor and infects the bacterium.Therefore,bacterial lysis will occur.This however results to a clear area in the lawn of growing cells host cells. The clearing that occurs is called a plaque and each plaque is believed to have originated from the replication events that began with one bacteriophage (virion).When the number of plaque forming units is counted, t he number of virus infectious units present in the original sample can be calculated. This procedure also permits the isolation of pure virus stains. If a plaque originated from a single virion, then all the virons in that plaque should be genetically identical. Some of the virus from the plaque can be picked and inoculated into a fresh bacterial culture inorder to establish a pure virus line (Madigan et al 2007) The purpose of this review is to isolate a bacteriophage capable of infecting a specific host bacterium. The improvement of an environmental sample ie water, for the presence of bacteriophages infecting a particular host can be carried out by inoculating water sample with the host organism and waiting for lysis to occur.Isolating of bacteriophage allows the determination of bacteriophage particles which are capable of initiating productive infections of their host bacterium in the original sample. The use of the selective enrichment in this review is to increase the probability that colonies of the desired organism would be formed. Any type of bacteria strain can be infected by bacteriophage like ecoli, pseudomonas, and salmonella. This study is based on the isolation of a bacteria strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa, not all pseudomonas strains are similar but Variability exists in the growth, curves and antibiotic resistance of different pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Different hypothesis have shown that isolates of p.aeruginosa could also possess some differences in their surface molecules and as a result differences in the phage receptors present on their surfaces. Mechanisms by which bacteria Infects host cells are:Adsorption,Sheath Contraction and Nucleic Acid Injection. Different methods are used for the isolation of bacteriophage from water according to different articles. Khan, N. H., Shii, Y., Kimata-Kino, N., Esaki, H., Nishino, T., Nishimura, M., Kogure, K. (2007). stated that bacteria can be isolated by different ways which include: Water sampling- In this process, selective and non selective agar culture were used for to isolate and identify P.aerruginosa and appropriate volumes of water samples are filtered using sterilized plates and Nutrient Broth agar. Identification by BD phoenix system-The phoenix system uses one identification (ID) and AST (antimicrobial susceptibility) combination panel with the ID substrates on one side and the microbial drugs on the other. Serotyping- Sereotyping for O-group specific abntigen was carried out by using P.aeruginosa kit and all isolates were tested for O-goup specific antigens. Purified Gel Electrophoresis-This was used to clarify genetic relatedness among the strains. Wuthiekanun V,Dance DAB,Wattanagon Y,SupputtamonGKOL Y,Chaowagul W and White N.J(1990) isolated pseudomonas using Ashdown’s medium.The use of this KEY WORDS: Bacteriophage, Depolymerase, Biofilm, Pseudomonas, REFERENCES De Groat, A (1927) The bacteriophage: method of isolation: journal of immunology.14:175-179. Khan, N. H., Shii, Y., Kimata-Kino, N., Esaki, H., Nishino, T., Nishimura, M., Kogure, K. (2007). Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from open ocean and comparison with freshwater, clinical, and animal isolates. Microbial Ecology, 53(2), 173-186. doi: 10.1007/s00248-006-9059-3 Kenezevic P, Kostanjsek, R, Obrenht D,and petrovic, O (2009) Isolation of pseudomonas aeruginosa specific phage with broad activity spectra : curr Microbiol :59:173-180 Wuthiekanun V,Dance DAB,Wattanagon Y,SupputtamonGKOL Y,Chaowagul W and White N.J(1990) The use of selective media for the isolation of pseudomonas pseudomallei in clinical practice:journal of medical microbiology Vol 33.121-126 Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2000, p. 1416-1422, Vol. 66, No. 4 0099-2240/00/$ Microbiology and immunology online.http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mayer/phage.htm http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/135/10/2569?view=longpmid=2632664 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.853541.x/pdf http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9750288?log$=activity http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/144/11/3039.pdf How to cite Bacteriophage and depolymerase, Essay examples

Psychological Abnormality

Question: Discuss about the Psychological Abnormality. Answer: Introduction: Psychological abnormality is difficult to define in the English language. How to decide who is abnormal or normal behavior? What is the definition of abnormality? In simple terms, an abnormality is an individual's mental condition or behaviour that deviates or does not align with what is considered the appropriate level of functioning in the society and is distressing or harmful to the individual and the surrounding people. Abnormality can be defined in four ways which are the deviation from the social norm, statistical infrequency, failure to function normally, and deviation from ideal mental health (Sue et al. 2015). The essay outlines and evaluates two of the ways of defining abnormality and later explains abnormal psychology on the psychoanalytical model. The first way to define abnormality is deviation from the social norm (Gross 2015). Social norms refer to standards of accepted behavior in the society set by the social group and include expectations and morals about how to think and behave (Bryce 2013). It means that an individual is not behaving according to the societal norms. A particular pattern of behavior is not stated by law but is perceived by the society to be normal and acceptable, and any deviance from a thus pattern is treated as the abnormality. For example, society has set rules for ways of dressing, eating, greeting older adults, opening doors for women, and others. It can be argued that this definition does not consider if a particular behavior of an individual is due to his or her comfort level before labeling him or her as psychologically abnormal. However, in a majority of the cases, it is apparent that the pattern of the behavior that is considered as deviating from the social norms are unlikely to represent men tal illness. However, this way of defining abnormality has several limitations. This definition may vary between cultures (Maddux et al. 2012). For example, hearing voices after the recent death of loved ones may be considered schizophrenia in the western part of the world, whereas in the African-American tribe it is treated as the blessing. Moreover, in a given situation different cultures may behave in different ways. However, social norms changes with time (Harvey et al. 2012), therefore, behavior not accepted in the past may be accepted in the present society. For example, homosexuality was branded as the mental disorder by the American Psychiatric Association until 1973, but they are more accepted in the present society (Butcher et al. 2013). This argument was supported by Gross (2015) who in turn highlighted that this definition fails to differentiate between a person with the persistent mental illness and a criminal. It may happen so that a robber is not abnormal but have a criminal mind. This definition does not also allow for the eccentric behavior commented (Bryce 2013). It is unlikely to consider a person psychologically abnormal for wearing unusual clothingduring leisure time. The second definition is "failure to function adequately." People fail to perform their routine daily activities due to depression or state of anxiety. They may exhibit unpredictable or irrational behavior due to personal distress and hence fail to adopt a healthy lifestyle (McDougall 2015). This definition refers to how an alleged abnormality of a person hampers their ability to continue with their day-to-day existence. People with eating disorder do not follow their natural survival instinct for eating. Therefore, they could be considered as psychologically abnormal. It is indicative of the fact that the individual requires professional assistance. Durand and Barlow (2012) argued that if dysfunction is accompanied with pathological characteristics than it can be considered as the psychological abnormality. This argument is justified because an inability to make good relationships with people may be due to personal loss, or deep sorrow or difficulty to adapt to new situation or plac e may be due to lack of knowledge but not due to mental illness. If this definition were true than all the aboriginal people and ethnic groups would be labeled an abnormal as they highly exhibit stressful behavior due to persistent factors of exploitation, deprivation, and persecution. The drawback of the definition is judging what factors effect and do not affect an individuals ability to function adequately (Eysenck and Wilson 2013). It is good to consider the context of a particular behavior before labeling a person as mentally ill. For example, a hunger strike is discomforting to observers, but it is not an abnormality. It can be argued that this definition is no applicable cross-culturally (Sue et al. 2015). For example, a person may exhibit behavior that may be considered normal in his or her culture but may align with the definition of the abnormality in the western culture. The another drawback of this definition is that labeling an individual as psychologically abnormal may create a long-term stigma. Consequently, the person may adopt the same behavior permanently. Supporting this argument various psychologists comment that there are many people with different types of psychological disorders but are found to look at family, work, adapt to new situations a nd exhibit rationale behavior. The psychodynamic model of abnormality developed by Sigmund Freud explains abnormal behavior as a cause of conflict of forces in mind (Kline 2014). The underlying principle of this model is unresolved conscious conflicts in early childhood creates repressed thoughts and emotions that in turn contribute to the psychological illness. According to this model, the basis of the conflicts organizing the mind is Id, Ego, and Superego which means the unconscious wishes, mechanism of coping and defense, and the conscience. This model includes ideas such as meaningful events affecting the unconscious mind or the idea of the effect of the parent/child relationship on behavior and feelings. Under this model, the main cure for illness is "free association." In this type of treatment, an individual is free to speak anything he or she wants while the psychiatristactively listens to analyze the cause of the trouble. The essay has evaluated two ways of defining psychological abnormality. These definitions although useful, are not fit for cross-cultural applications. It is indeed difficult to define abnormality. The viewpoints of society regarding normality or abnormality will always be viewed against what is acceptable or not acceptable behavior. However; the psychodynamic approach is more acceptable as it is the outcome of centuries of trial and error. References Bryce, J., 2013. DP4334 Psychology A: History and Development of Psychology. Butcher, J.N., Mineka, S. and Hooley, J.M., 2013.Abnormal psychology. New York: Pearson. Durand, V.M. and Barlow, D.H., 2012.Essentials of abnormal psychology. Cengage Learning. Eysenck, H.J. and Wilson, G.D., 2013.The Experimental Study of Freudian Theories (Psychology Revivals). Routledge. Gross, R., 2015.Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour 7th Edition. Hodder Education. Harvey, P.D., Heaton, R.K., Carpenter, W.T., Green, M.F., Gold, J.M. and Schoenbaum, M., 2012. Functional impairment in people with schizophrenia: focus on employability and eligibility for disability compensation.Schizophrenia research,140(1), pp.1-8. Kline, P., 2014.Psychology and Freudian theory: An introduction. Routledge. Maddux, J.E., Gosselin, J.T. and Winstead, B.A., 2012. Conceptions of psychopathology.Psychopathology: Foundations for a contemporary understanding, pp.3-22. McDougall, W., 2015.An outline of abnormal psychology. Routledge. Sue, D., Sue, D.W., Sue, S. and Sue, D.M., 2015.Understanding abnormal behavior. Cengage Learning.

Managing Financial Resources free essay sample

Unit 2: managing financial resources and decisions outcome 1: understand the sources of finance available to a business outcome 2. 4: explain the impact of finance on the financial statements outcome 3: make decision based on financial information outcome 4: analyze and evaluate the financial performance of a business scenario you have graduated from hnd with flying colors and have been successful at finding a job as a financial consultant with high finance consultancy ltd. Your job is to advise clients on diverse projects as and when they are handled by your firm. Please study each task and give your expert opinion Task 1 you have to advise rabeebok plc, a public limited company that manufactures sporting goods. The management of the organization is in the process of evaluating expansion plans. For this, you need to write a report on the following: 1. 1 p1- identify and discuss all the different sources of finance available to the company (max: 1200 words) 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Financial Resources or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2 p2 -assess the implications of the different sources (max 1000 words) 1. 3 p3 evaluate appropriate sources of finance for rabeebok. Plc who needs to decide where to get specific funds for their particular expansion needs. These expansion plans will require capital for the following: a) additional land b) additional equipment c) a fleet of 10 staff transport vehicles d) day to day operations m1- while completing 1. 3 p3, demonstrate that effective judgments have been made. Justify why you think particular sources are suitable for each need m2-while completing 1. 1 p1, use at least two sources other than the textbook to complete your discussion on the sources of funds available to organizations. Include these references in the body of the discussion (i. E. In the assignment itself) as well as in the bibliography. This criterion is meant to encourage you to utilize a range of sources of information. D1-critically evaluate why at least two sources of funds are not suitable for each option in the scenario described in 1. 3 p3. This criterion is meant to encourage you to use critical reflection to generate and justify valid conclusions. Guidelines to achieve 1. 1 p1, 1. 2 p2 and 1. 3 p3: for 1. 1 p1, you must identify all the sources of funds that are available to a public limited company. These should include all internal and external sources which are available to all small, medium and large companies. For 1. 2 p2,you must discuss the advantages of using each different source of fund. For example, for hire purchase, you can mention that an advantage of using this source of funds is that there is no up front lump sum payment whereas one of the disadvantages is that the organization does not own the asset unless all the installments have been paid off. For 1. 3 p3,suggest appropriate sources of finance for these needs. You should consider the purpose for which the funds are required and which sources of funds will be most appropriate. Task 2 allisson and company is a wholesale business. Their budgeted income for the first six months of 2014 is as follows: jan 14 feb 14 mar 14 apr 14 may 14 jun14 sales 52 55 55 60 55 53 c. G. S 30 31 31 35 31 32 salaries 10 10 10 10 10 10 electricity 5 5 4 3 3 3 depreciation 3 3 3 3 3 3 other overheads 2 2 2 2 2 2 total expenses 50 51 50 53 49 50 net profit 2 4 5 7 6 3 all amounts shown are in ? 000 allisson and co. Gives all its customers one month credit. Sales revenue in dec 2013 is expected to be ? 60,000 inventory purchases are made on one month’s credit. December 2013 purchases are estimated to be ? 30,000. Salaries and other overheads are paid in the month concerned. Electricity is paid quarterly in march and june. The business plans to buy and pay for a new van in march. The cost of this van is ? 15000 the business plans to buy some equipment in april for ? 38000. The business expects to have a beginning balance of ? 12000 in cash in january 2014. 3. 1 p8 a) discuss the types of budgets that allisson and co will need to help in making financial decisions. B) based on the information provided to you, prepare a cash budget for allisson and co. For the first six months of 2014 and discuss any problems the company may face in these six months. C) make recommendations on how to improve cash balances over the six month period and make a new improved budget for this period d3 – demonstrate that a high level of creative thinking has been employed to solve allison and co’s cash budget problems. Task 3 3. 2 p9- do the required calculations and use this information to make pricing decisions. Information will be provided in class. This task will be completed as a time constrained class activity. Task 4 assess the viability of a project using investment appraisal techniques. Al haider contractors llc is investigating the possibility of investing in two new projects. Data have been extracted from the report relating to the projects. Both projects involve purchasing new equipment. The data will be provided to you in class at the time of the class activity as per the format below: project 1 (? ) project 2 (? ) cost expected annual net profit/(loss) year 1 year 2 year 3 the company has an estimated cost of capital of 10% and uses the straight line method of depreciation for all fixed assets when calculating net profits. The business has sufficient funds for all capital expenditure requirements. 3. 3 p10. Calculate for each project: a. Payback period b. Net present value c. Approximate internal rate of return compare the two projects and discuss which is more viable for the organization. Task 5 make a presentation with two other colleagues on the following: 2. 4 p7 – explain the impact of finance on the financial statements. 4. 1 p11 explain the purposes of the main financial statements . 4. 2 p12 describe the differences between the formats of financial statements for different types of businesses. M3 while making the presentation for 2. 4 p7, 3. 3 p10 and 4. 1 p11, ensure that technical language is accurately used. This will be assessed on an individual basis during the presentation D2 – while making the above presentation, take responsibility for managing and organizing activities of others. You will need to provide evidence of this in the form of action plans, minutes of meetings and if possible, discuss a conflict situation you have handled. Task 6 4. 3 p13 interpret financial statements using appropriate ratios and comparisons both internal and external. For this task, you will be evaluating the financial performance of two organizations using appropriate ratios and comparisons. The financial statements of the two organizations will be provided to you during a class activity.

Research Process Steps - Your Ultimate Guide for Best Papers

Research Process Steps - Your Ultimate Guide for Best Papers Research Process Steps - Your Ultimate Guide for Best Papers College brings a lot of uncertainties – new roommates, living within a budget, making new connections, etc. One thing, however, is quite certain – research paper assignments. You will have many - in fact an average of 32 papers - to write during your four-year march to a Bachelor’s. While you were possibly able to be a bit lazy with the steps in research process in high school, you do not have that luxury now. Every paper you write will be judged on the research you have used, the validity of your thesis statement or research question, and, of course, those pesky details, such as sticking with the specified research paper format style. Here’s a step-by-step guide that should get you great results – results that translate into great grades.                                                                     Ã‚  Step I: Selection and Refinement of a Topic If you goof at this point, your entire paper will suffer, so you have to get this right. In high school, you perhaps chose a factual topic, let’s say, the â€Å"Causes of the Civil War† or â€Å"Pollution of our Oceans.† These topics required you to research facts and report them. You are in the â€Å"big leagues† now, and that will not do. Here are the important parts of selecting that topic: Understand the parameters provided by your instructor. S/he will have guidelines – stick to them. Go through your text and your class notes, and find a topic that interests you. This is important – if you don’t like the topic, the entire process will be drudgery. When you do find a topic, it might be a good idea to run it by your instructor. Another suggestion – try to find one that is not common. When instructors have the chance to read something different, they are happier. Check out research available on your topic. You can usually gauge the refinement of your topic by checking out what research currently exists. If there is too little, you will need to broaden your topic, and vice versa. You need a scholarly thesis. Usually, you can get to this thesis by turning your topic into a question. Instead of â€Å"ocean pollution,† for example, you might ask, â€Å"What are the newest technologies for cleaning up our oceans?† or â€Å"What are the politics that hinder cleaning up our oceans?† These questions will give you your research question and, once you have done some initial research, your thesis statement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 2: The Preliminary Research In the course of selecting your topic, you have done some preliminary research, if only to confirm that there are appropriate and scholarly resource materials available on the topic. If you are in grad school, specifically working on your thesis or dissertation, then your preliminary research will entail much more. You will be using it in writing a research proposal and so will be taking notes as you thoroughly review that research. Do a good job here, because not only will you use that content for your proposal, these resources can form a part of your total body of research for writing a literature review section or chapter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 3: Locating Those Resources Obviously, the first place to look will be the electronic database of your school library. Using keywords and keyword phrases that relate directly to your topic is all you will need. For a larger swath of resources, particularly for grad students, use ProQuest. Here you will find research articles and other scholarly works (e.g., published theses and dissertations). Here is the thing about selection of resources. Secondary materials are perfectly fine for undergraduate work, so long as the author is a respected scholar in the field. No encyclopedic-like resources are acceptable. Obviously, the Internet is an additional source for material, both through generic searches and through subject directories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 4: Assessing those Resources No resource should be considered for use without a check of the author’s authenticity. This means reading his/her bio, either the one that comes with the publication or searching online. A Ph.D. in English does not make an expert in history or economics. The other important consideration is the biases that author’s may have, particularly if your topic is controversial. It is fine to use a biased author, but you must acknowledge that bias in your paper. Especially when using Internet resources, double-check data and statistics you are given. Validating the authenticity of your source material is an extremely important step in the research process. Don’t skip it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 5: Taking Notes In high school, you were probably taught the note-card method. Guess what? It really is old-school but it really is still effective and most efficient. Why? Because if each note card holds one piece of information (along with source information), it can be sorted out and placed with similar information from other sources. Ultimately, sorting out those note cards will provide you with your sub-topics. Whether you plan to quote or â€Å"source† something on a note card or not, you still need the resource bibliographical information, so that it may be included correctly in your bibliography.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 6: Organizing the information                                                    This can be the most difficult of the research process steps. This is the step at which you have to organize all those note cards into categories, with the expectation of having sub-topics for your outline. This can be frustrating. However, here is a tip that you will not find elsewhere. Get online. Search for research papers on your topic. Take a look and see what sub-topics were used. This will give you an organizational plan to begin with. IMPORTANT: You are looking at organizational structure; you are not looking to â€Å"lift† any part of a paper for your own. You already know how easy it is for your instructor to check, so just don’t do it. For graduate students completing a literature review: you will not have sub-topics in the same manner as undergrad research papers. Your research has involved a review of the relevant research that others have conducted and you will be reporting on their findings as they relate to your research project. Reading through literature reviews of other theses and dissertations on related topics will give you good examples for you to follow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 7: Even a Cursory Outline Will Keep You on track You should construct some type of outline that will cover the order in which you will cover your sub-topics. How detailed you make it depends upon you and the topic. Even a brief very informal outline will help you draft that first copy. Just list your sub-topics and, under each one, a listing of the points you will be covering. This will keep you organized as you construct your paper.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 8: The Rough Draft Using the outline, you now write the first draft of your paper. While many say you should not concern yourself with grammar and other composition, it’s a good idea to try to avoid grammar mistakes the first time through – it’s just more you have to clean up later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 9: Editing and Revising Plan on plenty of time for editing and proofreading your paper. Once you have finished your rough draft, set the paper aside for 24 hours. If you try to edit right away, chances are you will miss things. As you begin the editing process, do it in this order: Read the paper first for coherence and flow. Are the sub-sections organized in the right order? Have you made your points clearly? Is there a logical flow of ideas? Look at your transitions from one paragraph to the next and from one section to the next. Will the reader know what to expect next? Does your introduction contain a good statement of your thesis or hypothesis? Does your conclusion sum everything up? Does there need to be a call to action? Once you are satisfied with the flow, it is time to proofread for grammatical, spelling, and mechanical errors (e.g., punctuation). If this is a challenge for you, get someone else to read the paper for you and point out any of these types of errors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 10: Check that formatting Instructors can be sticklers for detail. One of those details is the format style that has been specified. If you are unsure about your in-text citations or your bibliography format, use one of the many tools now available that will format those citations in the style you need.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step 11: The Final draft Your last step is to type the final copy and submit it.                                                    Other Processes This is a common step-by-step process for research paper construction. You may find an alternative model of the research process, especially as you move into graduate level research and writing or as instructors in various disciplinary field require. This process, however, will give you a basic model that you can use for most any paper you write at the undergraduate level. When You Are in a Bind It happens to the best of students. There is simply too much going on; there are too many paper assignments at the same time; other obligations have prevented you from being able to meet a deadline. In these circumstances, you may need to find a service that can write a research paper for you. This is no reflection on you or your intelligence. It is just a fact of life, and nothing to be ashamed about. In fact, it is a part of learning how to work â€Å"smarter† when you need to.

Definition and Examples of Accent Prejudice or Accentism

Definition and Examples of Accent Prejudice or Accentism Accent prejudice is the perception that certain accents are inferior to others. Also called accentism. In the book Language and Region (2006), Joan Beal notes that there are quite a few linguists who favour legislation along the lines of banning discrimination against what they call accentism. However, it is not something that employers appear to take seriously. Examples and Observations What causes a particular way of speaking to be perceived as superior is the fact that it is used by the powerful.(Suzanne Romaine,  Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2000) Just as errors, both of grammar and of word choice, are condemned as simply wrong by those who wish to uphold standards, so some accents of English (e.g. Birmingham, Broad Australian) are stigmatised as ugly and uneducated. There are, of course, no intrinsic grounds for such stigmatising, any more than there are for racial prejudice. Those who see accent prejudice as solely a language problem are inclined to wax indignant, to maintain that all accents are equal (forgetting perhaps the continuation of the Animal Farm motto: but some are more equal than others). For them, therefore, there is no problem: society has the duty to behave differently and overcome its prejudices. The applied linguist, however, is likely to recognise that it is indeed a problem and that it extends beyond language, reflecting social and political (and possibly ethnic) values.(Alan Davies, An Introduction to Applied Linguistics: From Practice to Theory, 2nd ed. Edinburgh University Press, 2007) Only very rarely are foreigners or first-generation immigrants allowed to be nice people in American films. Those with an accent are bad guys.(Max von Sydow) Accentism in the American South I used to say that whenever people heard my Southern accent, they always wanted to deduct 100 IQ points.(Jeff Foxworthy)The federal Department of Energy has dropped plans to give employees at a Tennessee laboratory Southern Accent Reduction lessons after complaints that the class was offensive. The lessons would have taught workers at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory how to speak with a more neutral American accent so they could be remembered for what you say and not how you say it.(The Week, August 8, 2014) Accentism in Contemporary Britain Do accents still matter? Last week Dr Alexander Baratta from the University of Manchester spoke of accentism, where people are discriminated against because of how they speak, and likened it to racism. In a study, he asked people why they changed their accents and how it made them feel. A third of those questioned said they were ashamed about flattening out their accents. But what was the alternative? We all want to get ahead; for the most part, the best way to do that is to fit in. Still, there is a price, the professor says. Facing the world with a voice that is not your own can undermine your sense of being.(Hugh Muir, Do Accents Matter in Modern Britain? The Guardian, July 14, 2014)Received Pronunciation (RP: traditionally the highest-status variety in England) is sometimes stigmatized. Its speakers may be perceived as posh or snobbish . . . and their accents as reflective of an elitist discoursal stance. Young people in particular, it is suggested, are now likely to repudiate at titudes that sustained accent prejudice.(John Edwards, Language Diversity in the Classroom. Multilingual Matters, 2010)The English are the most famously accent-conscious. Do what you willgo to three different posh schools, have a duchess for a mother, get yourself educated at Cambridge, move to Londonan expert will still be able to place you within a five-mile radius (the northern side of Cricklade, Id say) after a couple of sentences. Southerners still think Mancunians sound aggressive, Scotsmen disapproving, Liverpudlians thick, and the Welsh, Welsh.But it is changing. Just as languages are dying away at one a fortnight, so accents are smoothing, eliding, moving slowly towards the norm.(Michael Bywater, Lost Worlds. Granta Books, 2004) BBC Radio PresenterWilfred Pickles in Praise of Accent Diversity (1949) While I have the greatest respect for the many achievements of the B.B.C., I believe they are guilty of trying to teach Great Britain to talk standard English. How terrible it is to think that we may some day lose that lovely soft Devonshire accent or the bluff and very wonderful Scots brogue or the amusing flatness and forthrightness of the North-countrymans speech, or the music of the Welsh voice. May it be forbidden that we should ever speak like B.B.C. announcers, for our rich contrast of voices is a vocal tapestry of great beauty and incalculable value.  Our dialects are reminders of the permanence  of things in these islands of ours, where folks talk differently in places only five miles apart, a phenomenon that has its roots in the times when it took many days to ride from London to York by stage coach.(Wilfred Pickles in  Between You And Me. The Autobiography Of Wilfred Pickles, quoted by David Crystal in You Say Potato: A Book About Accents. Macmillan, 2014)